Yɛ Ga Ju leebi trafiki ni okɛbaakpe lɛ, yɛ gbi nɛɛ nɔ lɛ, ni nugbͻ ni enɛ maŋkɛ hima lɛ ewo mli wu lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, naa wͻ yɛ he ko ni wͻdamͻ shi kɛmiimɛ trͻtrͻ (tsͻne tamͻ tazi henͻ) ni aaaba kɛtee naanͻ. Oblanuu ko ni atsɛͻ lɛ Taller ni ji gbɛjegbɛhe oblahii lɛ ateŋ ekome ni waa tsͻnewomͻ ni hiɛ ejͻͻͻ lɛ hu miifee tamͻ eetsu enii akɛ mͻ ko ni taoͻ sɛi yɛ tsͻne lɛ hiɛgbɛ sɛii lɛ ehaa mɛi yɛ tsͻji lɛ amli kɛjɛ trͻtrͻ kome kɛtee trͻtrͻ kroko nͻ tamͻ nͻ ko ni ekɛ tsͻnehiɛlͻi lɛ ekpaŋ he momo yɛ gbi ni ho lɛ mli. Wͻ mɛi ni wͻbɛ Ghanabii asubaŋ ni ji ‘ayeͻ lɛ mͻ ni yeͻ’ lɛ, ni Taller hãa lɛ, wɔbɔɔ wɔhe mɔdɛŋ ni wɔna sɛii ni mɛi bɛ nɔ lɛ be mli ni wɔŋwii wɔhe kɛjɛ julͻi kpanakui ahe. Kɛjeee nakai lɛ, esa akɛ okɛ ohewalɛ atsͻ mli kɛyatao sɛi lɛ eko, ni enɛ tsͻͻ gbɛ agbo ni yͻͻ tsͻnewomͻ mli akɛ akwɛɛɛ akɛ yoo ji bo loo nuu ji bo.
Ekashi faŋŋ akɛ mɛi ayi miifa yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli, enɛ hewͻ lɛ saji tamͻ tsͻnenamͻ, ehenyͻmͻwoo kɛ gbɛi krokomɛi anͻ ni aaatsͻ kɛwo tsͻnei ebafee sane wulu ni ka wͻhiɛ akɛ wͻkɛ wͻhiɛ miifͻ trͻtrͻ (bͻͻsu bibii) lɛ anͻ tsͻ. Anͻkwale ji akɛ kuu ko ni tsuͻ enii yɛ Jeŋjeŋ fɛɛ, ‘Copenhagen Convention Center’ eha ale akɛ mɛi 70% ni yͻͻ Ga lɛ woͻ nɛkɛ trͻtrͻi ni amɛgbͻgbͻi lɛ, ni kɛ mɛi yaa heihei daa gbi. Akɛ gbɛjianͻtoi babaoo efͻ jaraŋ bͻ ni afee ni tsͻnewomͻ afee mlɛo tamͻ ‘Bus Rapid Transit System’, shi eyadamͻͻͻ shi tamͻ asusu lɛ, ni 2007 Jeŋjeŋ fɛɛ Shikatoohe ni ji ‘Wolrld Bank’ kɛ GEF Trust shika ni amɛha ni ji Amɛrika shika lɛ akpetoakpei 52 kɛha ‘Urban Tramsprot Project’ (UTP) lɛ hu eyayeee emuu.
Tsͻnenamͻ ni wa ha mɛi hewͻ lɛ, mɛi babaoo ni ebahihii maŋ wulu lɛ mli lɛ kɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛtsͻji ni yaa heihei. Yɛ aaafee afii nyͻŋma mli nɛ lɛ, aŋkroaŋkro tsͻnehiɛlͻi ayi efa kɛjɛ akpetoakpei 1.3 kɛtee akpetoakpei 3.2 ni no tsͻͻ hewalɛi ni ayͻͻ yɛ tsͻnehiɛmͻ mli-He ni ajieͻ subaŋ ko kpo akɛ mɛi ni hiɛͻ tsͻne ji mɛi ni hiɛ gbɛnaa wuji, amɛyɛ mɛi ahiɛ kɛ gbɛgbelemͻ yɛ Afrika maŋ wulu mli.
Tsͻnewomͻ ji akɛ tsͻne ahiɛ kɛkɛ loo akɛ tsͻne ahole mɛi lo?
Anaaa Ghana akɛ maŋ ko ni anaa akɛ efiteͻ ‘Greenhouse Gas’ yɛ jeŋjeŋ fɛɛ, shi moŋ esa akɛ wͻha wͻhiɛ aya hei komɛi anͻ. He ni anaa srawa hewalɛ kɛ muji srͻtoi yɛ lɛ ji hei titri ni fiteͻ kͻͻyͻͻ lɛ mli. Yɛ afi 2016 mli lɛ hei ni anaa mu yɛ kɛ srawa hewalɛ jie nibii ni fiteͻ kͻͻyͻŋ ni yafee 35.5% (Nyansapo, 2022). Kɛji wͻkwɛ bͻ ni afite kͻͻyͻͻŋ aha lɛ, efeͻ faŋŋ akɛ tsͻne niakɛwoͻ mͻ lɛ fite kͻͻyͻͻŋ fe nͻ fɛɛ nͻ, ejaakɛ lɛ pɛ efite kͻͻyͻͻŋ ni naa shɛͻ 47.7%. Yɛ kuu nɛɛ mli lɛ, lͻrei titrii ji nͻ ni fite kͻͻyͻͻ lɛ mli fe fɛɛ, ejaakɛ no pɛ kͻͻyͻͻŋ fitemͻ ni ji CO2 lɛ naa shɛ 7.2 ‘million metric ton’ ni no naa feͻ oha mlijaa 17 ni ji (17%), ni enɛ jɛ nitsumͻhe ni atsɛͻ lɛ akɛ ‘Basel Institute of Sustainable Energy’ ni amɛkɛ enɛ fͻ jaraŋ yɛ otsi ni akͻ afͻ shi ni akɛwieͻ nibii ni yaa nͻ yɛ Afrika he ni ji ‘Africa Climate Week’. Kɛji wͻkwɛ lɛ Ghana 2022 SDG shika ni afͻ kɛfͻ shi ni ji SDGs Budget and Expenditure wolo ni amɛkɛje kpo lɛ tsͻͻ naa akɛ shika ni afͻ kɛfͻ shi kɛha nitsumͻ nɛɛ naa yafee Ghana shika akpetoiakpei abͻ ni ji Ghs 4, 823.35 yɛ afi 2022 mli kɛha tsͻnewomͻ nitsumͻ lɛ mligbelemͻ. Yɛ hewalɛi ni wͻkɛwoͻ enɛ mli kɛtsake nibii ahiɛ lɛ, wͻkɛ wͻhiɛ akafͻ gbejɛgbɛi amligbelemͻ pɛ, tamͻ eyaa nͻ yɛ hei komɛi tamͻ Amasaman, Spintex-Palace Mall kɛ East Legͻŋ, ni ji heihei ni tsͻji yͻͻ waa lɛ amli. Eyɛ mli akɛ sa akɛ akwɛ ni atsake tsͻnewomͻ nitsumͻ lɛ mli moŋ nɛ yɛ Ga kpokpaanͻ, shi wͻhiɛ akakpa trafiki ni wͻnaa daadaa naamͻmͻ mli lɛ, wͻkafee nibii ni baatee saji krokomɛi ashi kɛha wͻ fɛɛ. Kɛji eba lɛ akɛ wͻsaa wͻkwɛ tsͻnewomͻ nitsumͻ lɛ mli ekoŋŋ lɛ belɛ ehe hia akɛ awii he kɛjɛ blema nibii lɛ ahe kɛkwɛ tsͻnewomͻ nitsumͻ henͻi krokomɛi kɛ nͻ ni fiteee kͻͻyͻͻ lɛ mli tsͻ ni atsɛͻ lɛ akɛ ‘Greenhouse Gas’ (GHG) lɛ yɛ BRT gbɛjegbɛi ni yɔɔ Ga lɛ, akwɛ nͻ ni abaafee yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswaa 2 kɛ sɛɛ ni ayeͻ yɛ tsͻne mli kɛjɛ Ga jarayelihei lɛ, ni haaa nitsumͻ aya nͻ jogbaŋŋ lɛ, ni wͻna hejͻlɛ kɛjɛ juu bibii amli be mli ni aapele tsͻnei ahe, koni awa ni wͻnyɛ wͻha shika abͻ ni wͻkɛwoͻ helatsamͻ mli ni naa shɛͻ Amɛrika shika lɛ akpe huhai 15 (USD 15 billion), koni eha wͻkͻͻyͻɔ lɛ mli aje ŋma kɛha adesai yɛ Ga, he ni awie akɛ wͻkͻͻyͻͻ lɛ mli ŋma ehiii kɛha adesai ni jeŋjeŋ gbͻmͻtso hewalɛnamɔ nitsumͻ ni ji WHO ewie akɛ edamͻ 1.7 lɛ (Ghana Kͻͻyͻͻŋ Shikamͻ ni ji 75 lɛ anaa akɛ ehiii kwraa kɛha adesai)
Wͻfua tsakemͻi ni baa yɛ bͻ ni wͻwoͻ tsͻnei haa lɛ-afee klɛklɛ, kɛ tsͻnei ni kɛ srawa hewalɛ tsuͻ nii atsu nii bͻ ni afee ni shihilɛ yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli kɛ nibii ni ebͻle wͻ lɛ afee fɛo.
Bͻ ni Ga etsͻ maŋ ni nyiɛ maŋ wulu mli shihilɛ kɛ tɛkinͻlͻji nͻyaa hiɛ lɛ
Yɛ afii babaoo amli nɛɛ lɛ, Ga etsͻͻ akɛ kɛji eba lɛ shihilɛ yɛ maŋ wulu mli kɛ mɛi akusum bulɛ kɛ tɛkinͻlͻji nͻyaa lɛ, enyiɛ mɛi ahiɛ. Yɛ afii 1910 mli tͻͻ lɛ, tsͻnekudͻlͻi ni yͻͻ Ga fua gbɛgbelemͻi ni ba yɛ tɛkinͻlͻji nͻyaa lɛ jogbaŋŋ. Amɛmͻmͻ tsͻwomͻ nitsumͻ hei ni tɛkinͻlͻji kɛba lɛ mli kɛfee maŋ bibioo, mɛi ashramͻ kɛ jarayeli yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli, kɛtsͻͻ akɛ egbele efijiaŋ kɛha tsakemͻ. Maŋ wulu lɛ hu ha ale akɛ agbele efijiaŋ kɛha ablekumai fɛɛ, ni no ha maji krokomɛi fɛɛ hegbɛ koni amɛfee amɛkusum nifeemͻi ni agbaa amɛnaa yɛ jeŋjeŋ fɛɛ hiɛ. Yɛ afii nyɔŋma kɛsɛɛ nɛɛ lɛ, Ga abafee he ni nikaselͻi fɛɛ susuͻ akɛ amɛbahi. Yɛ afii komɛi ni ehohoi nɛɛ amli lɛ, nikasemͻhei wuji ni yɔɔ Amɛrika, ni ji Havard, Michigan, Rutgers, kɛ Colorado lɛ, haa amɛnikaselͻi lɛ ekomɛi kɛ amɛhe woͻ nifeemͻi srͻtoi amli yɛ Ghana. Nikasemͻhe wulu tamͻ ‘University of California’ nɛkɛ lɛ haa amɛnikaselͻi baa Ghana afi kome kɛkaseͻ nii kɛjɛ afii 1990 mli. Be mli ni ‘New York University’ yɛ gboshinii wulu ko ni amɛnikaselͻi kɛ mɛi ni he ekpͻ jogbaŋŋ yɛ woloŋkwɛmͻ mli fɛɛ bawͻͻ mli.
Bͻ ni Ga hereͻ gbͻi ehaa kɛ bͻ ni efee mɛi fɛɛ shweehe lɛ etsͻͻ akɛ Afrika yɛ lɛɛlɛŋ. Afeͻ Tsale Wͻtee afiyeli yɛ Ga daa afi, ni ji afiyeli ni kͻͻ ninenaa nitsumͻi akpojiemͻ wulu kɛ kusumnaa afiyelii krokomɛi yɛ Afrika Anai (West Africa) maji lɛ amli lɛ eha mɛi babaoo ji mɛi ni esumͻ maŋ lɛ akɛ he ni afua kusum fɛɛ kusum yɛ. Gbɛkɛ shihilɛ yɛ Ga lɛ hu maa nͻ aduatsͻ akɛ ehereͻ mͻ fɛɛ mͻ atuu ni kusum fɛɛ kusum naa hegbɛ yɛ tsutsu kɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ nifeemͻi fɛɛ. Kɛbashi ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, Ga miiya nͻ eehere mɛi ni miitao ni amɛye Afuabe hejͻͻmͻ gbii lɛ yɛ Ghana fɛɛ atuu. Bo diɛŋtsɛ kwɛmͻ akɛ te Ga baafee tɛŋŋ kɛji akɛ okͻͻkpei kɛ tututu miitsu nii yɛ Ga kɛji eshɛ Afuabe.
Ga hiɛtsakemͻ bͻ ni afee koni etsͻ okͻͻkpe-maŋ lɛ, jeee nibii mamamͻi kɛ tsͻji ni akɛtsuͻ nii pɛ shi esa akɛ aha mɛi fɛɛ ana akɛ abaahere amɛ atuu kɛji amɛjɛ maji krokomɛi anͻ kɛba. Ga hiɛ blema sane ko ni tsͻͻ akɛ egbeleͻ efiji amli kɛhereͻ tsakemͻi ni baa yɛ tɛkinͻlͻji gbɛfaŋ ni tsͻͻ akɛ kɛji ahe okͻͻkpe kɛwo mli akɛ abaanyɛ akɛholɛ nibii lɛ ebaahe ewo mli. Wͻgbɛnaa ni wͻhiɛ akɛ he ko ni ahereͻ mɛi fɛɛ kɛ nifeemͻi fɛɛ tsͻͻ akɛ eji he ko mɛi fɛɛ aaanyɛ ana shramͻ ni okͻͻkpe tamͻ kɛbaa lɛ, ni akahe akwɛ ni maŋbii kɛ gbͻi fɛɛ aaahi shi yɛ gbɛ srͻto ko nͻ.
Yiŋ gbohii ni ahiɛ kɛha okͻͻkpe tamͻ ni esa akɛ atsake
Nibii gbohii babaoo ji nͻ ni g baa okͻͻkpe tamͻ naa. Mɛi babaoo ji mɛi ni jeͻ mɛi aniji amli wui yɛ okͻͻkpe tamͻ mli, tamͻ akɛͻ akɛ, kɛji ota ni nugbͻ nɛ lɛ, obaafͻ. Tsɛbelɛ, wͻbaanyɛ ni wͻmamͻ kͻͻyͻͻŋ gbɛjegbɛi kɛha okͻͻkpei lɛ tamͻ ‘Peace Bridge ni yͻͻ Calgary, yɛ Canada lɛ. Nakai okͻͻkpei agbɛjɛgbɛ lɛ kɛlɛ aaafee mitai 126 ni akɛ dadei emͻmͻ mli ni glase yɛ eŋwɛigbɛ kɛ kanei hu kɛha gbɛkɛ okͻͻkpe tamͻ.
Wͻbaanyɛ wͻkɛ teleŋ ni kɛ srawa hewalɛ tsuͻ nii hu afata enɛ he bͻ ni afee ni kɛji kͻͻyͻͻŋ tsake lɛ, okͻͻkpe talͻi lɛ ana he ko amɛkɛ okͻͻkpe lɛ awo kɛya he ni amɛyaa lɛ. Kɛji otee maŋsɛɛ tamͻ ‘Europe’ nɛkɛ lɛ, ayɛ teleŋ ko ni atsɛͻ lɛ akɛ ‘S-Train’ waa okͻͻkpe tamͻ nitsumͻ nɛɛ jogbaŋŋ. Afee teleŋ komɛi hu akɛ gbɛi agboagboi ewo mli ni haa okͻͻkpe talͻi lɛ hegbɛ ni amɛkɛ okͻͻkpei lɛ woͻ mli kɛfaa gbɛ. Nɛkɛ nifeemͻ nɛɛ waa mɛi ni t aa okͻͻkpe lɛ ni amɛnyɛͻ amɛjɛͻ he ko kɛyaa he ko, ni efeͻ gbɛfaa lɛ mlɛo ehaa amɛ kɛji nugbͻ miinɛ.
Yɛ maji krokomɛi ni ataa okɔͻkpe amli lɛ, ayɛ hei ni atotoi kɛha okͻͻkpei lɛ ni akɛyamamͻͻ jɛmɛ, agbai kɛ tsui ni enɛ feͻ okͻͻkpei amamͻmͻhei wulu. Kɛji eba lɛ akɛ kͻͻyͻͻŋ tsake lɛ, obaanyɛ owa ni okɛ okͻͻkpe lɛ ama jɛmɛ kɛkɛ lɛ owo tsͻne kroko loo tazi loo trͻtrͻ.
Mɛni ji sɛɛnamͻi ni baa kɛji afee maŋ lɛ okͻͻkpe-sumͻmͻ maŋ?
Kɛji okwɛ amralo lɛ gbene ni kwɛͻ maŋ wulu lɛ mli nifeemͻi anͻ ni ji Accra Metropolitan Assembly lɛ niaŋpɛɛmͻ kpaŋmͻ ni ji Pedestrian Safety Action Plan lɛ mli lɛ, efee faŋŋ akɛ gbɛjegbɛnͻ oshrai ni baa yɛ Ga Kpokpaanͻ lɛ ebɛŋkɛ nͻ ni kɛhooo kwraa lɛ, Afrika fɛɛ maji wuji (AMA 2019). Kɛji okwɛ amralo lɛ gbene ni kwɛͻ maŋ wulu lɛ mli nifeemͻi anͻ ni ji Accra Metropolitan Assembly lɛ niaŋpɛɛmͻ kpaŋmͻ ni ji Pedestrian Safety Action Plan lɛ mli lɛ, efee faŋŋ akɛ gbɛjegbɛnͻ oshrai ni baa yɛ Ga Kpokpaanͻ lɛ fa fe, Afrika maji wuji, asaŋ oshigɛnti ni oshra gbeyeiyei baa nɔfɛɛ (AMA 2019). Kɛji agbele tsͻnewomͻ nitsumͻ lɛ mli ni akɛ okͻͻkpe tamͻ fata he lɛ, ebaaha ni tsͻji abͻ ni nyiɛ gbɛjegbɛi lɛ anͻ lɛ aba shi saŋŋ kɛha mɛi ni nyiɛ gbɛjegbɛi lɛ ahe lɛ tamͻ eyͻͻ yɛ Dutch okͻͻkpe tamͻ majiŋ ni ji Utrecht kɛ Copenhagen fɛɛ lɛ, kɛjɛ be ni akɛ okͻͻkpe bͻi nitsumͻ yɛ mlanaa yɛ Netherlands nɛɛ lɛ, gbɛjegbɛnͻ oshrai ni tsͻji naa lɛ eba shi kwraa ni nibii ni fiteͻ kͻͻyͻͻŋ lɛ hu eba shi ni shika ni amɛnaa hekpa kɛjɛͻ helatsamͻ nitsumͻi amli lɛ yi naa yakpaa Amɛrika shika lɛ akpetoakpei 300 daa afi.
Nͻ ni ji enyͻ nͻ lɛ, enɛ kuramͻ waaa tamͻ BRT ni kɛ maŋ lɛ shɛɛɛ he ko lɛ. Nɛkɛ ‘Bus Rapid Transit’ nifeemͻ tamͻ Ayalolo nɛɛ gbelemͻ kɛ ekuramͻ biͻ ni akɛ shika wulu awo mli, kɛtao gbɛjegbɛi, bͻͻsui kɛ amɛsaamͻ. Kɛji okɛto he lɛ, obaana akɛ kɛji awo ml a ni haa hegbɛ akɛ abaanyɛ akɛ okͻͻkpei atsu nɛkɛ nitsumͻ nɛɛ, tamͻ abaafee hei ni okͻͻkpei baanyiɛ yɛ gbɛjegbɛi lɛ ahe kɛ tsͻsemͻi ni akɛbaaha mɛi ni aaata kɛ he shika faaa tsͻ ni abaanyɛ akɛtsu nii fiofio. Maŋsɛɛ maji komɛi tamͻ Copenhagen kɛ Amsterdam ji nͻkwɛmͻnibii, ayɛ hei ni afee kɛha okͻͻkpei, tsͻsemͻi ni akɛhaa okͻͻkpe talͻi, ni amɛbͻi nitsumͻ fiofio lɛ, haaa ni amɛkɛ shika babaoo awo ekuramͻ lɛ mli tsͻ kɛji wͻkɛto BRT nifeemͻ lɛ he ni hiaa akɛ asaa akwɛ ni afee gbɛjegbɛ lɛ ekoŋŋ.
Ni Russia kɛ Ukraine bͻi nͻmͻ nɛɛ lɛ yɛ Oflͻ 2022 lɛ, mu ni akɛwoͻ tsͻnei lɛ amli lɛ jara etee ŋwɛi naakpa kɛnina afii 14 nͻŋmɛɛ, ni mu ni atsɛͻ lɛ Brent lɛ jara miihe aho Amɛrika shika USD 130 kɛha barɛ kome ni ejie Ghana eha kɛji eba lɛ mu nɛɛ jarayeli. Ni nibii ba shi lɛ, sane kroko ko hu ni te shi ji ’gasoil’ hͻͻmͻ ni jara tee ŋwɛi kɛyashi oha mlijaa 3.33 (3.33%), kɛ LPG hu ni jara etee ŋwɛi kɛyashɛ oha mlijaa 2.95 (2.95%), kɛ agbɛnɛ Ghana shika lɛ hu ni hewalɛ ba s hi aaafee oha mlijaa 0.97 (0.97%) kɛji akɛto Amɛrika shika lɛ he yɛ shikatsakemͻ jarayelimli. Mu ni jara yaa ŋwɛi lɛ ji nͻ ni eha nibii ajara yaa ŋwɛi daa lɛ. Anͻkwale ji akɛ yɛ daa afi Aharabata mli kɛji amralo nitsumͻ ni kwɛͻ bͻ ni nibii ajara yaa ŋwɛi haa ni ji Ghana Statistical Services lɛ kɛ amɛniaŋpɛɛmͻ bafͻ maŋ jara nͻ lɛ onaa akɛ tsͻnewomͻ hiɛ oha mlijaa 17.4 (17.4%), kɛkɛ lɛ, tsu nyͻmͻwoo, srawa hewalɛ kɛ gaasi hiɛ oha mlijaa 28.7 (28.7%) ni tsͻͻ akɛ amɛnyiɛnͻ fɛɛ nͻ jara hiɛ. Okͻͻkpe kɛ nitsumͻ ji nͻ ni sa akɛ wͻkɛ wͻhiɛ aya nͻ agbɛnɛ kɛji wͻkwɛ bͻ ni nibii ajara yaa ŋwɛi kɛ naagbai ni ekɛbaa yɛ shika gbɛfaŋ. Ebaaha mɛi akutokui amli ajͻ amɛ, ni amɛbaana gbͻmͻtsoŋ hewalɛ hu kɛhi shi jogbaŋŋ yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli. Kɛji akɛ nͻ fɛɛ wo srawa hewalɛ nifeemͻ mli yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli, akɛ nifeemͻi tamͻ nibii ni saa okͻͻkpei lɛ anaa tsitsii mɛi ayisɛɛ lɛ, ebaaye ebua wͻ yɛ shika shikamͻ gbɛfaŋ kɛ wͻhewͻŋ nibii asaamͻ mli fɛɛ.
Kɛfata he lɛ, okͻͻkpei waa ni kͻͻyͻͻŋ lɛ mli hiͻ kɛhaa adesai ashihilɛ yɛ gbɛi srͻtoi amli. Kɛji Ga kɛ ehewalɛ wo okͻͻkpe nibii amli lɛ, ebaaye ebua wͻ kɛha nibii ahiɛtsakemͻ yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli shikamͻ ni baaha abͻi tsei dumͻ kɛ paakii ni baaha maŋ wulu lɛ mli afee fɛo. Tamͻ, yɛ maji ni yͻͻ Latin America kɛ Asia niaŋ lɛ, nifeemͻi tamɛ gbɛi ni ashishii kɛha okͻͻkpei pɛ kɛ gbɛ bibii ni okͻͻkpei pɛ tsͻmͻͻ nͻ lɛ, akɛ baji ni haa olɛŋlɛ nͻ feͻ fɛo, tsei ni adudui, kɛ baji ŋmͻji ewowoi amɛhe. Jeee akɛ baji ŋmͻji nɛɛ haa maŋ lɛ feͻ fɛo kɛkɛ shi ewaa kɛhaa nibii awala yibaamͻ hu, tamͻ kͻͻyͻͻ kpakpa ni amuͻ, maŋ mli ni edͻͻͻ tsͻ, kɛ ahuŋ naasamͻ ni haa maŋ feͻ fɛo kɛtsɛͻ mɛi kɛjɛͻ heihei kɛbaa maŋ wulu lɛ mli ni ewoͻ mɛi ahewalɛ akɛ amɛta okͻͻkpe lɛ.
Kɛhooo kwraa lɛ, yɛ wͻ amralo nifeemͻi amli kɛha tsakemͻ lɛ, nͻ ni he hiaa ji gbͻmɛi ni yͻͻ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ. Kɛji akɛ shika wo mɛi holemͻ mli lɛ ebaaha mɛi ana hegbɛ kɛna nitsumͻ ni amɛtsu yɛ he fɛɛ he, kɛjɛ nibii feemͻ kɛtee tsͻji atsaramͻ kɛ batrei, afee nibii ni haa akɛ nibii woͻ nibii amli kɛ amɛyibaamͻ, afee nͻ ko ni baaha asaa akɛ nibii atsu nii kɛna srawa hewalɛ kɛha gbɛfaa kɛ agbɛnɛ ebaawo mɛi ahewalɛ ni amɛkɛ amɛshika awo nitsumͻ mli. Maŋ wulu lɛ mli shishijee nitsumͻ ko, ‘Wahu!’ efee okͻͻkpei ni kɛ kͻͻyͻͻ loo srawa hewalɛ tsuͻ nii fe 100 ni amɛhehei okadabii lɛ akɛ mɛi ni kɛ okͻͻkpei lɛ yahaa mɛi ni heͻ nii lɛ, ni enɛ eye ebua jeŋ maji fɛɛ ashika gbɛjianͻtoo kɛtee Amɛrika shika lɛ akpehuuhai 90 (USD 90 trillion). Nitsumͻhe nɛɛ yɛ gbɛjianͻtoo ko hu ni awo lɛ ‘Women Deliverers’ ni miitsͻse yei akɛ tututu talͻi yɛ Lome. Yɛ Ga Kpokpaanͻ lɛ, esa akɛ ato nibii anyiɛmͻ gbɛjianͻ ni he hiaa kɛhaa yei koni amɛnyɛ amɛtsu nii kɛwa amɛwekui yɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ bͻ ni anaa amɛ akɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ yei kɛ yei ni hiɛ wawai. Kɛji agbele gbɛ kɛha gbɛfaa kukuji kɛtsͻͻ okͻͻkpei loo okadai amli lɛ, ebaaha hii kɛ yei fɛɛ abu amɛhe ni enɛ baaha shihilɛ ni naa wa yɛ maŋ wulu lɛ mli lɛ afee mlɛo ha mͻ fɛɛ mͻ.
Kɛmu naa lɛ, esa akɛ wͻle akɛ wͻmiije mu ni akɛwoͻ tsͻne mli lɛ oyaoya-be ni akɛ hiɛ efͻͻͻ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ nifeemͻi kɛ tɛkinͻlͻji nibii anͻ tsͻ kɛmiiya be mli ni abaa nibii ayi ni tɛkinͻlͻji nͻyaa ewa kɛha nibii oyaoyafeemͻ kɛ nͻyaa ni ajaa kɛha ŋmɛnɛ kɛ wͻsɛɛ fɛɛ. Maji wuji ji mɛi ni tsuͻ tsakemͻ nɛɛ he nii jogbaŋŋ, gbͻmɛi ashramͻ, shika gbɛjianͻtoo kɛ kusum nifeemͻi ni emͻ shi kɛbata ŋmɛnɛ; kɛjɛ yei ehegbɛhamͻ, oshikifͻͻ hegbɛ, mɛi anͻnyɛɛ trilii kɛtee kͻͻyͻͻŋ tsakemͻ he fɛɛ ejɛ, ahuu he ta ni aye kunim kɛtsͻ maji wuji amli, ni esaaa ni Ga damͻͻ sɛɛ ni ekwɛͻ kɛkɛ.
Yɛ niaŋpɛɛmͻ ko ni Alimo et al. fee yɛ 2022 mli ni kͻͻ okͻͻkpe he yɛ Ghana lɛ mli lɛ, eje kpo faŋŋ akɛ mɛi babaoo ni kɛ gbɛjegbɛ tsuͻ nii lɛ baasumͻ ni amɛkɛ okͻͻkpe aya ni amɛba daa. Anͻkwale ji akɛ, mɛi babaoo ni yͻͻ maji wuji lɛ amli lɛ baasumͻ ni amɛta okͻͻkpe loo tututu kɛya nitsumͻ, sukuu, kɛ nii kɛ nii. Enɛ baadamͻ gbɛjianͻtoo ni akɛbaafͻ shi kɛha okͻͻkpei loo tututu atamͻ kɛ agbɛnɛ mla ni baaha akɛ bulɛ aha mɛi ni taa okͻͻkpe loo tututu hu. Nibii ni je kpo yɛ niaŋpɛɛmͻ lɛ mli lɛ tsͻͻ akɛ esa akɛ ato gbɛjianͻ kɛha okͻͻkpe loo tututu tamͻ ni ji ‘National Cycling Policy Framework kɛfata ‘National Electronic Vehicle Policy’ ni aatsu he nii amrͻ nɛɛ nͻŋŋ lɛ he.
Esa akɛ wͻna nitsumͻhei ni baatsu enɛ hi nii kɛfee nibii ahe kpaŋmͻ kɛ mlawoo. Jeŋjeŋ fɛɛ Shikatoohe ni ji ‘World Bank’ kɛ wolo ko je kpo ni ji Cities on Move (2002) ni amɛfee lɛ faŋŋ akɛ shifimͻ ni nitsumͻhei ni kwɛͻ mɛi ayaa kɛ amɛbaa mli bɛ hewͻ ni nifeemͻi pii ni kͻͻ mɛi ayaa kɛ amɛbaa mli eyaaa nͻ bͻ ni akpaa gbɛ akɛ eya nͻ lɛ maji amli. ‘Accra Climate Action’ lɛ gbɛjianͻtoo lɛ kpaŋmͻ lɛ efee nͻ ko kɛha mɛi fɛɛ aheremͻ shi esa akɛ wͻgbele wͻfijiaŋ kɛkwɛ mɛi ayaa kɛ amɛbaa mli jogbaŋŋ shi jeee tsͻji pɛ anͻ.
Okͻͻkpe loo tututu tamɔ ji nͻ ni baaha wͻ fɛɛ wͻye hegbͻ yɛ maŋ wuji lɛ amli. Anͻkwale ni yͻͻ mli ji akɛ okͻͻkpe hesuͻmͻ-maŋ yeͻ emuu kɛji maŋbii kɛ amɛhe wo nifeemͻ lɛ mli jogbaŋŋ. Wͻ maŋbii lɛ ji mɛi ni nuͻ nͻ ni hi ha wͻ kɛji eba lɛ tsͻnewomͻ, kɛ kͻͻyͻͻ ŋma kɛ hewalɛnamͻ mli lɛ shishi jogbaŋŋ. Wͻle nͻ ni yaa nͻ yɛ maŋ lɛ mli, trafiki gbɛjianͻtoo, kɛ hei ni okͻͻkpei nyiɛͻ ni he hiaa wͻ jogbaŋŋ ni be eshɛ ni sa akɛ wͻbͻi he wiemͻ koni atsu he nii, ni wͻha mɛi ale sɛɛnamͻi ni yͻͻ he.
Kɛji ato enɛmɛi ahe gbɛjianͻ jogbaŋŋ lɛ, tsakemͻ aaaba kɛji amralo fee egbɛfaŋ nͻ, ana shika akɛwo mli kɛ tɛkinͻlͻji nibii hu. Mɛi kɛ shramͻ yɛ shika gbɛfaŋ ni haa enɛ yeͻ emuu. Shramͻ yɛ shika gbɛfaŋ gbɛjianͻtoo nɛɛ nͻkwɛmͻnͻ ji nͻ ni ‘Impact Hub kaa akɛ amɛkɛ Net Zero Accra afee lɛ, aha shika gbɛfaŋ shramͻ lɛ mli awa koni akɛ mɛi ni he hiaa afee ekome kɛsaa mɛi ayaa kɛ amɛbaa gbɛjianͻtoo kɛ maŋ shikamͻ hiɛ, kɛjɛ mɛi ni feͻ-tsͻnei, shikwɛɛ nibii ashishijee, aŋkroaŋkro kɛyashi amralo gbeji anͻ shi ehe baahia akɛ wͻbaana shika shramͻ nɛɛ hu kɛjɛ hei wuji krokomɛi ni amɛkɛ amɛshika baawa amralo nifeemͻi. Be mli ni wͻfeͻ enɛ lɛ, esa akɛ wͻkai akɛ be mli ni shika ni jeͻ Ga kɛyaa amralo ŋͻͻ fa lɛ, nakai shika lɛ jeee Ga pɛ nͻ ni amralo lɛ ni toͻ he gbɛjianͻ titri, ehe baahia akɛ wͻwii wͻhe kɛjɛ enɛ mli bͻni afee ni wͻtswa Ga wͻma shi akɛ okͻͻkpe loo tututu maŋ wulu yɛ Afrika nɛɛ.
Yelikɛbuamͻ woji
- Maya Møller-Jensen (2021) ‘Frictions of everyday mobility: traffic, transport and gendered confrontations on the roads of Accra, Mobilities, 16:4, 461-475, DOI: 10.1080/17450101.2021.1917969
- Ministry of Finance (2022). Ghana’s 2022 SDGs Budget and Expenditure Report
- Hart, J. (2016). Ghana on the Go: African Mobility in the Age of Motor Transportation. Indiana University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1zxz06q
- Quayson, A. (2014). Oxford Street, Accra: City Life and the Itineraries of Transnationalism. Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11vc7z3
- Alimo et al (2022). Is public bike-sharing feasible in Ghana? Road users’ perceptions and policy interventions. Journal of Transport Geography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103509
